The term upaveda (“applied knowledge”) is used in traditional literature to designate the subjects of certain technical works. Lists of what subjects are included in this class differ among sources. As per the Caraṇavyuha, they are:-

1. Ayurveda (Medicine), associated with the Ṛgveda
2. Dhanurveda (Archery), associated with the Yajurveda
3. Gāndharvaveda (Music and sacred dance), associated with the Samaveda, and
4. Arthaśāstra (Economics), associated with the Atharvaveda